Prince Among Slaves Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Prince Among Slaves - Movie Review Example He later married an American born enslaved woman whom they had nine children. Abdul Rahman strongly believed in his right for freedom. During his enslavement, Rahman met an Irish ship surgeon whose life had been saved by his father when he was marooned in Africa thus making him the only white man who owed Abdul debt. The Irish’s several attempts to purchase Abdul Rahman’s freedom but the bond of slavery proved strong and Foster refused to sell the man he referred to as Prince. According to â€Å"IslamiCity† , after two more decades and 40 years of enslavement, Abdul met a local printer who had a friend in US Embassy in Morocco led to communication between the Moroccan Sultan and president John Quincy that eventually led to his freedom (Web). After the successful appeal by the president to Foster, Rahman was released to go on a condition that he goes to Africa directly without being granted rights of a free man in America. Rahman decided to work hard to get enough money to purchase his family freedom because he did not like the idea of going back to Africa immediately, which he succeeded early with his wife. He got a setback from the higher prices of his children and grandchildren, which proved too high to raise thus prompting him to give lectures and solicit for donations. He then faced President Adams whom he revealed to that he was not a Moroccan and the President refused to pay any money to assist him (â€Å"IslamiCity† Web). Nevertheless, sickness and the risk of being returned to Foster drove him to leave without his children in Africa where he further pressed for his children’s freedom but he unfortunately died barely four months after his return. Some of his children were however, purchased ultimately while others remained enslaved and to this date, Abdul Rahman legacy is alive amongst his descendants. Prince Among Slaves is a coherent story that fits together well and pays attention to the notions such as dates and the reality of enslavement which boosts the viewer’s confidence that it is true. Information received from the documentary is a true story that is received from a reliable source and the on our account there is a strong belief to believe that the account is very true. The period of enslavement actually took place in the 1770s and prince Rahman was captured as the history tells it. Professor Terry Alford found the document from Henry Clay’s that documented the life of Abdul Rahman that prompted him to write a full account of the Prince. Main character is Abdul Rahman who is an African prince that remained enslaved in America for 40 years before he regained his freedom and return to Africa. He falls from a life of power and privileges into enslavement in a foreign land where he endures unimaginable indignities but marries an enslaved woman and has children. It is interesting when he regains freedom after his royal status recognized in the very land he was enslaved. He manag es to rescue his wife and some of his children after making several attempts of buying freedom. Rahman is represented as a man who lived in extraordinary times but did extraordinary things such as purchasing his freedom and other aspects that interweave the theme of bondage and deliverance. He is

Robert W. Sweet Essay Example for Free

Robert W. Sweet Essay To ponder the legal and judicial problems that arise from the drug war we turned to Robert Sweet, a District Judge in New York City. He has served as an Assistant U. S. Attorney and as Deputy Mayor of New York City under John Lindsay. He is a graduate of Yale and of Yale Law School. WHY does a sitting judge, constitutionally charged with enforcing the laws of the United States, seek the abolition of the criminal penalties attached to drug use and distribution? The answer in my case stems from personal experience, leading to the conviction that our present policy debases the rule of law and that its fundamental premise is flawed. In college in the Forties, while experimenting with the drug of choice alcohol I cheerfully sang the lyrics of Cocaine Bill and Morphine Sue, without any understanding of the reality behind the words. As an Assistant United States Attorney in the Fifties, I accepted the enforcement of the drug laws without question. In the Sixties, as Deputy Mayor of the City of New York, I supported methadone and various modalities of treatment and rehabilitation. After becoming a federal trial judge in 1978, I presided over drug trials and sought to impose just sentences ranging from probation to twenty years. Then Congress enacted mandatory minimum sentences, and judicial discretion was radically restricted. The day in the fall of 1988 that I was mandated to sentence Luis Quinones, an 18-year-old with no prior record, to ten years of real time because he was a bouncer in an apartment where drugs were being sold, I faced our national drug policy and the need to re-examine it. Assisted by the writings of Professor Ethan Nadelmann I concluded that our present policy of criminal prohibition was a monumental error. A number of other judges have reached the same conclusion. Judge Weinstein has characterized our present policy as utter futility, and Judge Knapp has likened it to taking minnows out of the pond. As Chief McNamara writes, the realities of criminal prohibition are becoming recognized. The first and foremost effect is the creation of a pervasive and unbelievably powerful underground economy. The Economist estimates that the markup on cocaine and heroin is not 5,000 per cent, as Messrs. Buckley and Duke suggest, but 20,000 per cent. The drug market in the United States is estimated at $150 billion a year. At least one group of distributors in a case before me sold 37,500 kilos of cocaine a month for gross sales of almost $20 million a month, and this group was but one of a number operating here. While this economic engine drives forward, so have our efforts to punish those who operate it. Today we have the highest incarceration rate for any Western nation, almost 1 million [There are higher estimates. ED. ] In jails or prisons at a cost of $20 billion a year. Federal drug cases have trebled in ten years, up 25 per cent in 1993 alone, with marijuana cases up 17 per cent. The total federal expenditure on the drug war this year under the proposed budget will exceed $17 billion. Ten years ago the annual expenditure on the drug war was $5 billion for all governments, federal, state, and local. While our expenditures have increased tenfold, the number of Americans using drugs has remained relatively constant at 40 million. Steady users are estimated to be 6 million, with 1 to 2 million of those seriously disordered. Our present prohibition policy has failed, flatly and without serious question. Secondly, the rule of law has been debased by the use of criminal sanctions to alter personal conduct. Of course, the same effort was made in the Twenties and Thirties with respect to alcohol, with the same results. Al Capone and Nicky Barnes are interchangeable. Drive-by shootings, turf wars, mugging, and random violence are all the direct result of criminal prohibition. Courts are clogged with drug cases to such an extent that in some jurisdictions (the Eastern District of New York and the Southern District of Florida, for example) it is difficult to find the resources to try civil cases; yet, the street-corner availability of drugs is known to every citizen. The rights of the individual have been curtailed in the name of the War on Drugs. We have seen the elimination of an accuseds right to pretrial release for most charges under the drug laws; heightened restrictions on post-conviction bail; and invasions into the attorney client relationship through criminal forfeiture. The criteria for securing a search warrant have been relaxed. In drug cases, the Supreme Court has permitted the issuance of search warrants based on anonymous tips and tips from informants known to be corrupt and unreliable; permitted warrantless searches of fields, barns, and private property near a residence; and upheld evidence obtained under defective search warrants if the officers executing the warrant acted in good faith. Taken together, these holdings have been characterized as the drug exception to the Fourth Amendment. Police corruption and the unwholesome practice of using confidential informants (one of whom made over $100,000 in a case before me) have been noted by Chief McNamara. Finally, the fundamental flaw, which will ultimately destroy this prohibition as it did the last one, is that criminal sanctions cannot, and should not attempt to, prohibit personal conduct which does no harm to others. Personal liberty surely must extend to what, when, and how much a citizen can ingest. The Framers of our Constitution explicitly acknowledged that the individual possesses certain rights not enumerated in the text of the Constitution and not contingent upon the relationship between the individual and the Federal Government. When a right has been narrowly defined as, for example, the right to possess marijuana or cocaine, the courts have refused to recognize it as one that is fundamental in nature. However, when the right to ingest substances is considered in more general terms as the right to self-determination, that right has a constitutional foundation as yet undeclared. To overturn the present policy will not be easy, given the established bureaucracy, but President Kennedy at the Berlin Wall was correct: Change is the law of life. We must recognize that drug use is first and foremost a health problem, and that, as Professor Nadelmann has established, mind-altering substances are a part of modern life to be understood and their effects ameliorated, rather than grounds for prosecution. Alcohol and tobacco have a social cost when abused, and society has properly concluded that abuse of these drugs is a health problem, not a criminal issue. Indeed, our experience with the reduction of 50 per cent in the use of tobacco the most addicting of drugs, which results in 400,000 deaths a year confirms the wisdom of that policy. To distinguish between these substances and heroin or cocaine is mere tautology. While the medicalization of the issue is going forward, Congress should accept the recommendations of President Nixons commission on the drug laws and of the National Academy of Sciences in 1982 and end the criminalization of marijuana, which is now widely acknowledged to be without deleterious effect. That reform alone would take 450,000 arrests out of the system. The latest crime bill proposed a study of violence and crime encompassing drug policy but failed to fund it. The Surgeon General proposed such a study and got fired. Such a study, if fairly conducted, would compel the abolition of criminal prohibition of drugs by the Federal Government, permitting all drugs to be treated much the same as alcohol: restricted by the individual states as to time and place of sale, barred from minors, subject to truth in advertising, and made the source of tax revenue. As with alcohol, those who harm or pose a threat to others while under the influence of drugs would face criminal sanctions. The effect of the underworld drug economy, the debasement of the rule of law, and the undermining of fundamental fairness and individual rights under the war on drugs all combine to require that the criminal prohibition against drug use and distribution be ended.

Essay --

CHAPTER 3 STATUS OF MENTAL HEALTH CARE AVAILABLE IN THE COUNTRY People affected by mental health conditions are forced to hide their illness to avoid discrimination, which they might be subjected to in all aspects of their lives, even in healthcare settings where they receive poorer quality care. This is one of the reasons why people with mental health conditions live shorter lives. But, most tragic of all are the frank human rights abuses, from eviction, to chaining, and to violence, endured by people in their homes, in mental hospitals and in traditional healing centres. It is no surprise that a substantial proportion of the homeless in India’s cities are affected by a mental health condition. (Vikram Patel, Legislating the Right to Care for Mental Illness) Vikram Patel believes that the sophisticated and complicated psychiatry scares many people. His agenda is to demystify the mental health. Community based epidemiological studies have estimated the life-time prevalence of mental disorders to range from 12†¢2% to 48†¢6%, according to the WHO Mental Health GAP Action Programme. Data for India show a prevalence of 200 cases per 1,00,000 people for schizophrenia and bi-polar disorder, respectively, while three in 10,000 people experience an episode of acute psychosis every year. Additionally, 1% of people have severe mental disorders. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare estimates that 6—7% of India's population suffers from a mental disorder. (http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(10)62083-1/fulltext) This is coupled with the fact that the vast majority of mentally ill and their families do not have their mental condition recognised and do not have access to the right kind of treatments. A wide range... ...HM), India's flagship initiative to integrate vertical health programmes under one umbrella, has yet to be achieved.(http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(10)62083-1/fulltext ) Presently, most of the rural population approach traditional healers(religious saints,tantriks(black magicians), unregistered medical practitioners, and quacks) for treating mental health problems. The so-called therapy, conducted by witch doctors or family members, can include chaining up the mentally ill, chanting spells, poking them with pins, or beating them "to force the evil spirits out." Serious response mechanisms to tackle the dismissal state of mental health in India need to be urgently undertaken. The following chapter would deal with this structure that, which when implemented, would ensure an earnest redressalof lacunae of mental health in the country.

Assessment & Grading in the Classroom Essay -- Teaching School Educati

Assessment & Grading in the Classroom Grading and testing is usually a mandatory part of teaching. Most schools let the teachers decide how and when to test, as long as the letters A, B, C, D, or F appears on a student’s report card. Teachers may not like the fact that some failing grades will have to be given, but as long as their way of grading is fair to every student, it is something that they will have to deal with. There are many methods of measuring a student’s ability to accomplish a task. However, many students freeze under normal testing procedures and may need to be evaluated in another manner. Also, it is important for teachers to understand fair grading procedures so students can best benefit from effective tests. By knowing the main ways of measuring student achievement, and proper formats for grading, students can be evaluated correctly. (Fairtest, 98) There are two main ways of evaluating a student’s work: objective tests and essay questions. Objective testing places emphasis on a precise, efficient focus on a student’s knowledge of defined variables (Kopeikin, 2000). That is, a teacher can use this format to measure a specific amount of a student’s knowledge. This can include multiple-choice, matching, true-false, and fill in the blank formats of testing. These kinds of testing are best used for checking whether students have learned facts and routine procedures that have one, clearly correct answer. In some subjects, carefully written test questions with planned outcomes can accurately distinguish students who grasp a basic concept from those who do not (Fairtest, 98?). With multiple-choice questions, a teacher can strategically place answer choices in a manner that will best evaluate what her students have... ...ridge, MA 02139. (1998). Multiple-Choice Tests. Retrieved March 11, 2004 from http://www.fairtest.org/facts/mctfcat.html FoCAL Points Issue 23. (2003). Assessment is Active Learning. Retrieved March 11, 2004 from Public Education Network website: http://www.publiceducation.org/pdf/FocalPoints/Assessment_Is_Active_Learning.pxxxxdf Kopeikin Ph.D., Hal S. (2000). Evolution of Objective Testing Retrieved March 11, 2004, from http://www.psych.ucsb.edu/~kopeikin/121lec14.htm National Capital Language Resource Center NCLRC 2011 Eye St, NW Suite 200, Washington D.C. 20006. (1997). Portfolio Assessment Retrieved March 11, 2004 from http://www.nclrc.org/portfolio/6-5.html Trice, Ashton D. (2000) A Handbook of Classroom Assessment. United States: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Woolfolk, Anita (2004) Educational Psychology. 9th ed. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Historical Development of Continental Philosophy’s Existentialism

Historical development of Continental philosophy’s existentialism and phenomenology as a response to Hegelian idealism Absolute Idealism left distinct marks on many facets of Western culture. True, science was indifferent to it, and common sense was perhaps stupefied by it, but the greatest political movement of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries— Marxism—was to a significant degree an outgrowth of Absolute Idealism. (Bertrand Russell remarked someplace that Marx was nothing more than Hegel mixed with British economic theory. Nineteenth- and twentieth-century literature, theology, and even art felt an influence. The Romantic composers of the nineteenth century, for example, with their fondness for expanded form, vast orchestras, complex scores and soaring melodies, searched for the all-encompassing musical statement. In doing so, they mirrored the efforts of the metaphysicians; whose vast and imposing systems were sources of inspiration to many artists and co mposers. As we have said, much of what happened in philosophy after Hegel was in response to Hegel.This response took different forms in English-speaking countries and on the European continent—so different that philosophy in the twentieth century was split into two traditions or, as we might say nowadays, two â€Å"conversations. † So-called analytic philosophy and its offshoots became the predominant tradition of philosophy in England and eventually in the United States. The response to Hegelian idealism on the European continent was quite different however; and is known (at least in English-speaking countries) as Continental philosophy.Mean while, the United States developed its own brand of philosophy—called pragmatism—but ultimately analytic philosophy became firmly entrenched in the United States as well. Within Continental philosophy may be found various identifiable schools of philosophical thought: existentialism, phenomenology, hermeneutics, dec onstruction, and critical theory. Two influential schools were existentialism and phenomenology, and we will begin this chapter with them.Both existentialism and phenomenology have their roots in the nineteenth century, and many of their themes can be traced back to Socrates and even to the pre- Socratics. Each school of thought has influenced the other to such an extent that two of the most famous and influential Continental philosophers of this century, Martin Heidegger (1889–1976) and Jean-Paul Sartre (1905 –1980), are important figures in both movements, although Heidegger is primarily a phenomenologist and Sartre primarily an existentialist.Some of the main themes of existentialism are traditional and academic philosophy is sterile and remote from the concerns of real life. Philosophy must focus on the individual in her or his confrontation with the world. The world is irrational (or, in any event, beyond total comprehending or accurate conceptualizing through phi losophy). The world is absurd, in the sense that no ultimate explanation can be given for why it is the way it is. Senselessness, emptiness, triviality, separation, and inability to communicate pervade human existence.Giving birth to anxiety, dread, self-doubt, and despair as well as the individual confronts as the most important fact of human existence, the necessity to choose how he or she is to live within this absurd and irrational world. Now, many of these themes had already been introduced by those brooding thinkers of the nineteenth century, Arthur Schopenhauer (see previous chapter), Soren Kierkegaard, and Friedrich Nietzsche. All three had a strong distaste for the optimistic idealism of Hegel—and for metaphysical systems in general. Such philosophy, they thought, ignored the human predicament.For all three the universe, including its human inhabitants, is seldom rational, and philosophical systems that seek to make everything seem rational are just futile attempts t o overcome pessimism and despair. This impressive-sounding word denotes the philosophy that grew out of the work of Edmund Husserl (1859–1938). In brief, phenomenology interests itself in the essential structures found within the stream of conscious experience—the stream of phenomena—as these structures manifest themselves independently of the assumptions and presuppositions of science.Phenomenology, much more than existentialism, has been a product of philosophers rather than of artists and writers. But like existentialism, phenomenology has had enormous impact outside philosophical circles. It has been especially influential in theology, the social and political sciences, and psychology and psychoanalysis. Phenomenology is a movement of thinkers who have a variety of interests and points of view; phenomenology itself finds its antecedents in Kant and Hegel (though the movement regarded itself as anything but Hegelian).Kant, in the Critique of Pure Reason, argu ed that all objective knowledge is based on phenomena, the data received in sensory experience. In Hegel’s Phenomenology of Mind, beings are treated as phenomena or objects for a consciousness. The world beyond experience, the â€Å"real† world assumed by natural science, is a world concerning which much is unknown and doubtful. But the world-in-experience, the world of pure phenomena, can be explored without the same limitations or uncertainties.

14 Character Archetypes to Help You Build a Strong Character Cast

14 Character Archetypes to Help You Build a Strong Character Cast 14 Character Archetypes to Help You Build a Strong Character Cast Using character archetypes in your book is a great way to ensure you have a diverse cast with specific roles.Because without good charactersyour readers wont find a good reason to keep readingThe character development of your story can make the biggest difference in hooking real fans for lifeand losing readers for good.Well help you discover some character archetypes you can use to ensure your readers are ensnared in the grasp of your story from start to finish.Heres a list of 14 character archetypes:The LeaderThe OutsiderThe CaregiverThe RebelThe MentorThe ProfessorThe WarriorThe HunkThe WiseThe OrphanThe HeroThe JesterThe SeducerThe BullyNOTE: If youre ready to take these archetypes to the next step and flesh them out with your very own coach, check out our VIP Fiction Selfs: The LeaderFor more clarity, here are some recognizable examples of this character archetype where you can easily identify these traits.Harry Potter in the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling Throughout the se ries, Rowling paint Harry as a leader in several ways. We first see him as less than a leader, living under the stairs but as the story progresses, his leadership shines in several ways. Firstly, he decides to forgo friendship with Draco Malfoy because, well, he doesnt believe him to be a good person. This sets the stage for even more leadership characteristics as he stands up to Snape, and ultimately takes on Voldemort in the end. His leadership continues to grow as he leads his friends and classmates through difficult times in the series.Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games trilogy by Suzanne Collins The first act of leadership we see from Katniss is the very beginning of the story. She is hunting for her familyso they can eat. Its a very basic form of leadership thats necessary due to her moms state after her father passes away. We continue to see her leadership flourish as she volunteers as tribute, sets a precedent of distaste for the games, and ultimately saves both her own a nd Peetas life by the end of the first book.Tobias Kaya in The Saviors Champion by Jenna Moreci Tobias begins the book as a provider for his family. This leadership role is necessary due to his sisters disability. As the book progresses and Tobias enters the deadly tournament, allies seem to be his only means of survival. He bands together (somewhat reluctantly) with a few key competitors and soon finds himself as the voice of their group, making decisions out of instinct without even realizing the position hes in.#2 Character Archetype: The Outsider/WildcardThis character archetype serves a very distinct purpose. Oftentimes, this is a character that adds a layer of mystery and intrigue to the story.For example, this character wont be close to your main character or even other secondary characters. They often come into the story to aid or solve a specific issue, but can also be seen as untrustworthy.Character Archetype Examples:Johanna Mason in The Hunger Games trilogy Johannah M ason meets Katniss and Peeta during the opening of the 75th Hunger Games. Wild, unpredictable, and untrustworthy is our first reactions to her, solidifying her character archetype as the outsider or wildcard. Because her character is so unpredictable, were both worried and interested in what shell do next, which increases the tension when she appears on the page.Luna Lovegood in the Harry Potter series Luna Lovegood is a very important character in the Harry Potter series but is often seen as an outsider not only from her own perspective but from others. We dont really know what shell do next and this adds to the intrigue of any scene shes in.#3 Character Archetype: The CaregiverThis character archetype speaks for itself. The caregiver is essentially the character who serves to take care of others.They often have qualities that are parently and can be the voice of reason when the plot thickens. This character is one others often turn to for help, reassurance, and even encouragemen t.Characters may also wonder how theyd get through what they have without this one character ensuring their safety and wellbeing.Character Archetype Examples:Louisa Clark in Me Before You The main purpose of this characters role is to be a caretaker. Her job in the story is to care for a disabled man. The characteristics she possesses in the story are directly in line with this character archetype of being a voice of reason, encouragement, and caring for others in the story.Hermione Granger in the Harry Potter series While Hermiones character serves several purposes throughout the story, a major contributing factor to her narrative is the care she takes of both Ron and Harry. How many times throughout the series do the two of them even say, What would I do without you? This is a common reaction to the caretaker character archetype.#4 Character Archetype: The RebelMany main characters can fall under The Rebel character archetype because this trait often leads to interesting and in triguing conflict readers latch onto.Keep in mind, however, that this is also a great archetype to use for villains or antagonists.The qualities that make up The Rebel archetype are exactly what youd expect; the characters often go against the grain, resist rules, regulations, and orders, as well as follow their own paths.Character Archetype Examples:Fred and George from the Harry Potter series While Fred and George, twin brother of Ron Weasley in the series, are also known as The Jester character archetypes (which well cover below), theyre primarily rebels as well. The most infamous instance that showcases this is in book 5 when Delores Umbridge takes over. They drive her out with their own invented pranks, sticking it to the man in the way they know how best.Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games trilogy Katniss may not have thought herself a rebel at first, but her actions quickly showcase her natural rebel side. From threatening to eat Nightlock berries at the end of the first b ook to actually leading the rebellion as a whole, shes The Rebel through and through.#5 Character Archetype: The MentorOne of the most iconic (and sometimes clichà ©d) characters in stories is The Mentor.Im sure many examples are already popping up in your mind for this one. A classic example of this is Albus Dumbledore in the Harry Potter series.The Mentor character archetype is someone who serves as a source of information, motivation, support, and encouragement usually for the protagonist or that group in a novel.This character is also commonly used as an exposition element in the sense that they can provide information to the protagonist that the audience also needs to know, but in a natural way that doesnt feel like infos:Albus Dumbledore in the Harry Potter series As mentioned above Albus Dumbledore is a prime example of a mentor in this series. He guides, teaches, supports, and encourages not only Harry, but several students he grew close to throughout the series.Haymitch Abernathy in The Hunger Games trilogy This may be unclear at first, but Haymitch is literally and figuratively The Mentor in this trilogy. His character literally mentors Katniss and Peeta in the games as his duty but later mentors them in ways unrelated to the games by offering advice and taking on their personal conflicts.#6 Character Archetype: The ProfessorThe Professor and The Mentor are very similar character archetypes. However, with The Professor the emphasis is on their role as an educator and teacher instead of just a mentor.Therefore, Dumbledore can be seen as The Professor, though another character occupies that role in this series.This character archetype is usually a teacher or educator the main character grows close to. The key defining factor is that The Professor both teaches in a formal way, but also takes an interest in aiding your characters personal life and journey. They offer guidance and help when the characters need it most and can be a gos:John Keating in Dead Poets Society In this iconic story, Professor Keating guides his students on a journey through poetryand adolescence. Not only does he teach his students poetry in a way they can understand and appreciate, hes also instrumental in developing Todd Anderson, the main character and student.Professor McGonagall in the Harry Potter series This archetype is evident in Professor McGonagall as well. Her role is to be an educator and to hold students to the highest standard, pushing them and even creating conflict within the story.Mr. Bruner in The Edge of 17 Mr. Bruner is Nadines teacher and also someone she goes to for guidance in her personal life. He not only serves as her educator in school, but hes a confidant for Nadines personal problems and helps her get through them.#7 Character Archetype: The WarriorWhen you think of this character archetype, its very evident which characters fall under this category.Think of the best warriors in any movie where they appear. Those charac ters are often tough, confident, and skilled in combat. Many army officers, commanders, and persons in charge of armies will occupy this archetype.But a character doesnt need to be in a role of combat or military in order to be The Warrior. They can possess qualities of a warrior without the title.The Warrior can also be both a good or bad character.Character Archetype Examples:Gray Worm in the Game of Thrones series Chosen to lead the Unsullied under command of Daenarys Stormborn in this series because he has no fear, his character is the epitome of The Warrior. He is fierce, skilled, battles:The Adonis in The Saviors Champion by Jenna Moreci In the Sovereigns Tournament, a competition to the death to win the hand of The Savior, there are several competitors, one of which is nicknamed The Adonis. This character is very much the stereotypical hunk with no brains, and it serves a very distinct purpose in this novel. Hes a fans:Gandalf in the Lord of the Rings Series While this cha racter also serves as The Mentor, its important to note that hes a very wise, alls:Tony Stark from The Marvel comics Although Stark loses his parents at the age of 21, this plays a big role in who he is in the franchise. After they pass, he has to take over his fathers company, where he grows into the person we really know him as: Ironman. Their death also plays a pivotal plot point in storylines later as well.Harry Potter in the Harry Potter series Harrys parents died when he was a baby but they left before something so important, the series could not have been written ass:Heres a long list of The Hero character archetypes:Harry PotterKatniss EverdeenMarvel SuperheroesMatilda Wormwood in MatildaHuckleberry FinnBeowulfAtticus FinchNeville LongbottomHermione GrangerRon WeasleyThe entire Order of the PhoenixPeeta MellarkTobias Kaya#12 Character Archetype: The JesterIf your favorite character in stories is ever the goofball whos really funny, theyre likely The Jester character arche type.This type of character has a few jobs, the main one being comedic relief. They can serve as a strong literary device to cut the tension in order to give characters a relief, or to distract from something worse coming up.A couple of key identifiers of The Jester in stories is that they cut tension either with what they say or do, are the butt of every joke, or make others the butt of every joke. The Jesters job is to elicit laughs and keep the scene and mood light.Character Archetype Examples:Fred and George Weasley in the Harry Potter series Weve already talked about these rebels but theyre also very much Jesters for this series. They make jokes and even pull pranks, both of which lighten the mood of a story thats very dark.Fat Amy in Pitch Perfect The story of Pitch Perfect is made hilarious by Fat Amy, one of the main characters. She adds jokes, comedy by the way her character acts, and generally brings the story to a new level of funny.Dory in Finding Nemo Weve all laughe d at Dory in this story. Because of her short memory, there are plenty of moments for jokes and laughter, not to mention her characters general demeanor.#13 Character Archetype: The Seductress/SeducerWith this character archetype, theres a very specific goal of the seducing behavior.Most often, this character is someone whos attractive and can seduce someone in order to get something they want, or even to subdue them in order to do this.The main point of The Seducer archetype is to trick someone into being vulnerable in order to gain the upper hand in any type of situation, whether thats life or death or simply getting out of a speeding ticket.Character Archetype Examples:Dominika Egorova in Red Sparrow This character archetype for this movie is quite unique. While her character, with the alias of Katerina, may not have been this type to start, she is taught this very specific skill in order to achieve her goals as a spy.Black Widow in the Marvel comics Similar to the previous ex ample, this character was trained in many art forms, seducing being one of them. Her character often has to seduce men, playing to their deepest desires, in order to extract information for the intelligence agency she works with.#14 Character Archetype: The BullyWe all know a bully in real life and stories have no exception to their presence. Of the character archetypes, this one is easy to stop.Its is often used to make your main characters life a lot harder. They can be a bully physically or even emotionally. As long as they belittle your character to the point of increasing conflict in the story, theyre The Bully.Character Archetype Examples:Draco Malfoy in the Harry Potter series From the get-go, Draco Malfoy has bullied Harry Potter and his friends. He puts them down, tries to disrupt them with their plans, and even tries to have Harry killed (and kill him himself) later in the series.Regina George in Mean Girls This character is the epitome of a bully. She puts others down and makes them feel like less than, so much so that the climax of the movie comes to a head with her burn book, which consists of a diary of bullying comments about others.Patty in Diary of a Whimpy Kid There are several bullies in this story, the main characters own brother being one, but Patty indeed holds this title as well. She consistently bullies Greg throughout the story.Are your characters ready for their own book?If youre ready to take the next step, the real step toward launching yourself as an established author, this training will help.Now that you have your character archetypes, its time to put the wheels of writing your book in motion.

Criminological Research Topics Aims And Rationale Social Work Essay Essays

Criminological Research Topics Aims And Rationale Social Work Essay Essays Criminological Research Topics Aims And Rationale Social Work Essay Essay Criminological Research Topics Aims And Rationale Social Work Essay Essay The instance of Sabina Akthar is a tragic instance, which shows carelessness of the Crown Prosecution Service ( CPS ) . Sabina Akthar and Malik Mannan had married through arrange matrimony in Bangladesh. When Akthar found out that her hubby had a kept woman, jobs occurred in their matrimony. Akthar had faced domestic force from her hubby and as consequence made ailments to the constabulary. Mannan was arrested and about a month subsequently he was released on bond. Mannan s bond conditions included clauses such as ; he was non to reach his married woman or see her place. After Mannan had broken his bond conditions on several cases he was re-arrested. However on this juncture he was released without charge and besides his bond order was dropped. After Mannan was released he carried on directing Akthar text messages in which he threatened to kill her. Few yearss after these messages Mannan had stabbed Akthar from her bosom, which caused Akthar s decease. After t he immature adult female s decease the Crown Prosecutions Service accepted that they were negligent in the manner they have handled the instance and apologised to Sabina Akthar s household ( Guardian 2009 ) . The British Crime Survey s ( BCS ) measuring of the civilization consequence on domestic force is different to the constabulary statistics. Harmonizing to statistics the civilization consequence on domestic force plays an of import function here. The purpose of my research is to specify how civilization has an consequence on domestic force in the United Kingdom amongst the white ethnicity. Due to the experience I have gained through volunteering in the Coventry Refugee Centre I have gained knowledge about different states and the civilizations those states have. In the United Kingdom victims of domestic force are chiefly adult females and kids. For many adult females their place is where they suffer maltreatment at custodies of person who is truly close to them. Most victims of domestic force face long term physical and psychological amendss. The individual who abuses them does non give them any opportunity to do their ain determination ; hence after a while some victims believe that there is no manner out of their agonies and gives up on seeking to get away. This research seeks to find the impact of cultural consequence on domestic force in adult females and kids in United Kingdom. Cardinal literature Domestic force besides known and expressed as fie whipping or confidant spouse force normally coexists with kid maltreatment about half of the clip ( Hamel. J, Tonia L. Nicholls 2007 ) . Husbands who beat their married womans are much likely to use for lasting abode for their undocumented married womans than hubbies who do non crush their married womans. Therefore in-migration position appears to be another manner in which opprobrious hubbies control their married womans in the UK. Abusive hubbies frequently threaten their married womans with exile if they do non follow with the hubby s wants. Frequently undocumented abused married womans are afraid to collaborate with child protection governments for fright that their hubbies might revenge by turning them into in-migration governments. Womans who cooperate with probes of kid maltreatment and or domestic force have remarkably good entree to legal lasting residence but they are improbable to be cognizant of this. Battered immigrant ad ult females face several hindrances to seeking protection and services. These hindrances including linguistic communication barriers, negative perceptual experiences of the jurisprudence enforcement and legal system, fright of exile, cultural and spiritual issues and favoritism ( Gabriel 1994 ) . When it comes to the civilization consequence on domestic force Uganda has the highest offense rates of domestic force, 41 % of adult females reported being beaten or physically harmed by their hubbies. This can be related to the economic factors and conditions every bit good as different life manners and cultural fluctuation in Uganda. Harmonizing to the statistic the media has been considered one of many lending factors in domestic force. It has been criticized for its portraiture of force in films, telecasting and printed signifier ensuing in the desensitisation of people with respect to their tolerance of force. On the other manus the media has besides been used as a modern communicating tool in increasing public consciousness of domestic force and increasing support for ongoing research, funding instruction and bar and intervention plans and support for betterment in the Torahs the condemnable justness system and the public policy. The impact of income inequality and societal construction may besides make more domestic force towards adult females. Men s unemployment or portion clip employment has been associated with increased rates of domestic force. ( Natalie, Sokoloff and Pratt 2005 ) . Recent survey found that unemployment was a important forecaster of force. This suggests some work forces might comprehend employment as a critical constituent of their masculine individuality and resort to force as an attempt to recover lost position. Some surveies report that in-between category Asiatic adult females are more likely to see domestic force than white in-between category adult females among some cultural and racial minority groups are attributable in portion to poorness. Some research has suggested that the disagreement between employment and income topographic points adult females at hazard. When adult females earn more than work forces or have a higher instruction making and employment accomplishments, many work forces feel psychologically threatened and some use force to confirm power in their relationship. Many immigrants coming to England to happen a better life to populate for themselves and for their kids but the barriers the immigrant face are truly enormous. New civilization that they face every bit good as linguistic communication barriers their hubbies take advantage of this and get down adumbrating their spouse s that their hubbies may describe their positions to the UK in-migrations service. Different states and civilizations may hold their ain values and attitudes toward a adult female topographic point household, matrimony, sex functions and divorce and adult females may non detect that the domestic force is against the jurisprudence they may non cognize that they have the legal option to stop the opprobrious relationship. Domestic force can happen in households from all cultural and cultural group and beliefs and intercession policies and patterns in handling beat-up adult females should suit their diverse cultural backgrounds. The British Crime Survey statistics shows that one in five adult females has experienced domestic force in their life style and many of these adult females ended their relationship because of opprobrious relationship. . Harmonizing to the study shows that adult female chose to remain in opprobrious relationship because of fright if the adult females efforts to go forth they will be tracked down and crush or killed because of this the most adult females think that any prison clip would be impermanent and the subsequent and effects even worse. Methodology My research attack will reflect a subjectivism. I believe this position is most appropriate for my probe because people got their ain thoughts and it will be in subjectivism manner the consequence that I will acquire in the terminal it will non be based on one interview. My methodological analysis will be based on interviews, qualitative, subjectivism and interpretivism. Every interview that I will make will hold different position and different thoughts in it. I will be covering with human positions instead than stuffs. In order to complete my thesis I need to understand how adult females are expected to act within different civilizations, believes and faiths. For illustration as I have spent two old ages at the Coventry Refugee Centre as an translator and a instance worker this has given me a good cognition about diverse people and I understand their sentiments and feelings. Therefore I believe the experience that I have gained within that work environment will be really helpful to me while I am carry oning my interviews. To update my actual reappraisal I will besides utilize secondary informations. As my secondary informations resources I will utilize books and modern-day articles. This will enable me to widen my cognition and apprehension of the general theory facets on civilization consequence on domestic force. I will besides acquire some aid from the Coventry Refugee Centre by traveling on their web sites and besides by speak to them face to confront when needed. This secondary information will assist me to plan the interview inquiries in order to acquire the best replies. For my research I will besides make face to confront semi-structured interviews to understand the consequence of civilization on domestic force. I will besides utilize internet hunts. I have applied to volunteer within the victim support strategy. I am trusting that the experience I will derive from this work arrangement will give me the chance to happen out more information about victims of domestic force which will assist to complete my thesis. I will make some interpretivisim to measure the significance of domestic force. This will supply me a good feedback about the domestic force and the trust in the constabulary and Criminal Justice System. These inquirers will supply me some quantitative informations. In order to acquire replies that are representative and non-biased these inquirers will be given to randomly selected adult females. The qualitative consequence that I have gained from the interviews will be used in two ways. First of all I will compare them to the secondary information which is the theory facet of the research. Second I will compare the questionnaire consequences ( pattern ) . Through comparing these informations I will analyze the positions on domestic force. As the consequences that are gained through the interviews will be qualitative, which means these statistics will give me an chance to analyze the consequences in order to make some charts, graphs and pies. As I worked as an translator and a instance worker at the Coventry Refugee Centre it is easy for me to entree into the Centre and acquire the support that I need. I have decided to take my participant through my work experience topographic point, because my subject is based on civilization consequence on domestic force and there are many adult females who been victims of domestic force in their place states. I will hopefully make my inte rview at the Refugee Centre and I will inform my participants that everything that they say throughout the interview will be confidential and that no 1 will be allowed to see the replies that they have given in the questionnaires. However there are some troubles to make this interview for illustration some of the participants may non talk English. Therefore I will besides seek to set up an translator for them where needed in order to complete my research proposal. Cultural issues Researching about domestic force is non easy. While I am making my research there are several ethical issues which I need to pay close attending to non to do farther hurt to the participants. For illustration some inquiry may do hurt to participants if they are asked in a certain manner. Therefore I will necessitate to plan my inquiries in a manner which my participants will non experience uncomfortable to reply them. Conducting a research on domestic force might be a nerve-racking probe. This is because the subject is a really sensitive subject as it is non psychologically easy for people to speak about their tragic experiences. Therefore this survey might do possible or farther hurting and injury to the person who have or still sing maltreatment by reminding them events that they do non wish to retrieve. It may besides expose implying information and expose single to put on the line. Consequently I need to be to the full prepared to cover with the likely effects of the research. Fo r illustration the effects of my research on participants on their households and on the research workers themselves ( conductivity such research may be straitening ) may be defeated by a debriefing session at the terminal of the research. In this debriefing session participants will be able to talk to professional head-shrinkers about their experience within the research. During this session participants can discourse any peculiar concerns they have about the research. Another illustration of a sensitive issue is false memory and cured memory. This is a argument which has been traveling on over the past 20 old ages. A celebrated memory psychologist Elizabeth Loftus has written about the cogency of cured memories of childhood maltreatment. Harmonizing o Loftus s surveies these memories normally come to visible radiation merely after curative Sessionss with people who use techniques such as guided imagination to research early life experience. This domestic force research is socially sensitive because there are possible effects for people who have claimed to hold recovered memories and for their households. Therefore to finish my research I need to see including some cultural guidelines papers. I will subscribe this papers and included in my proposal to province that I have tried to cover with ethical issues every bit best as I could. Besides the inquiries that I will inquire during the interview have to be approved by my coach. I will besides inquire my participants to subscribe a consent signifier which will province that the interviews done are wholly confidentially and that they are willing to take portion in this research. Data that will be collected through the interviews will be confidential therefore I will be maintaining this information with me at all times until my research is complete and I will non allow anyone else to see it. I will be covering with adult female with cultural positions, being sensitive to other civilizations is easier said than done. Cultural sensitiveness has nil to with the art and music of a civilization and about everything to make with regard, shared determination devising and effectual communicating. Too frequently researches ignore these values, the life manner and the cognitive and affectional universe of the topic. soz jus on the phone to ma adult male. bu mom cwk is on my laptop n im on my personal computer bu jus write bou wha research method u gna usage like for mine im doin instance stdies n interviews n lyk u gta say whether u gna usage qualitative method or quantitative methods n why u utilizing those methods das it reallyysoz jus on the phone to ma adult male. bu mom cwk is on my laptop n im on my personal computer bu jus write bou wha research method u gna usage like for mine im doin instance stdies n interviews n lyk u gta say whether u gna usage qualitative method or qu antitative methods n why u utilizing those methods das it truly Contemplation I have learnt excessively many things about the research method and technique that are used in it. Having completed this research that is based on civilization consequence on domestic force improved my statement accomplishments in a paper. Through utilizing and roll uping informations and with illustration of statistics my statements have become much better than how it was used to be. My researching accomplishments besides improved in a positive manner during this research proposal. In old researches for my survey I used to acquire stuck on how to garner information but now I am able to utilize mostly different resources I can now understand the subject more widely and it besides helps me to do a better statement. In my sentiment this research is my best research paper that I have done in my life. The class that I will acquire for it might non demo a good class but what I learned from it will profit me for my hereafter researches. I spent approximately two yearss merely for making the existent research. It will be utile for the following twelvemonth when it come to the thesis by utilizing these new techniques that I have learnt from this research proposal, hopefully so I will be able to set my points across more efficaciously and clearly. How to compose a research proposal will profit me in future lessons in my life. Due to the experience that I have gained while fixing this proposal I will be able to give good illustrations about the subjects that I will be fixing a proposal for in my hereafter academic life. I will besides be able to give and make a better statements and counter-arguments in my future research proposal. To make my thesis I have to remain focus on my chosen subject in order to finish it by utilizing different accomplishments that I have learned from this research proposal.

Politcal Disagreements essays

Politcal Disagreements essays Of the three widely analyzed revolutions in history-the French, Russian and American-the American Revolution shed by far the least amount of blood. The reason for this is believed to be that, unlike the spontaneous peasant uprisings of the French and Russian revolutions, the American Revolution was truly a concept war. The ideals of the French and Russian revolutions did not come to light until after their spontaneous sparks, but on the other hand, the revolutionaries in America used the legal disagreements with Britain and applied it with increasing force as the tension between mother and daughter (England and America) grew, until finally physical conflict erupted. At this point, the revolutionaries had already won the war because they had changed the general publics conception of Britain and the nature of the colonies struggle with her. When the mother, England, proposed taxes on their imports, etc., many educated American scholars wrote documents opposing them. For example, George Washington wrote in a letter to Bryan Fairfax on July 20, 1774, I think the Parliament of Great Britain hath no more right to put their hands into my pockets, without my consent, than I have to put my hands into yours for money... What he means by this is that consent is necessary for Parliament to pass taxes on the colonists, which the colonists obviously did not feel like giving. He also states that asking the British government to reduce taxes is like asking for a favor that we should already be entitled to, but by petitioning, we are claiming a right. The colonists did petition Britains imported goods, indeed. In fact, according to document 2, during or after each Act that Britain passed, the amount of goods imported from Britain declined, especially after the Intolerable Acts. But according the George Grenville, member of Parliament, ...this kingdom has the sovereign, the supreme legislative power over ...

Comparing and contrasting marketing activity Essay

Comparing and contrasting marketing activity - Essay Example ortant observation that the experts make is that the reach of the end customers of today has increased by huge extent, thanks to the factors like globalisation and liberalisation. The international geographical border are almost non – existent in terms of trade and finance and the revolution brought in by inter – net has enable citizens to purchase goods or services within a few clicks of the computer mouse from any part of the world. The other important thing has been the information flow. The end consumers are informed like never before and it is this factor that distinguishes between the identical products and services. There is little doubt that marketing is the life blood of business. However good the product or service might be, if it cannot be sold in the market and revenue earned; every effort falls flat. The process of marketing is truly a dynamic one and depends largely on each and every minute changes in the buying behaviour or the related environment of the target group of customers. Today, with the boom in the service sector, the impact of marketing activities are more felt. The report analyses various activities of a marketing process namely product mix, positioning, price mix, communications and distribution of two segments i.e. high - street fashion and convenience foods. In other words, the report focuses upon the marketing mix of the two segments that operate in the similar market. The report basically deals with the market of the United Kingdom i.e. the economies of England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales. The economy of United Kingdom is one of the most affluent among the world economies, being the sixth largest economy in the world and the third largest in the whole of Europe. The chosen companies for the report in this market segment are the famous fashion brand ‘Paul Smith’ and the leading convenient food store ‘Spar’. Both the companies are catering to the markets of the United Kingdom for quite a long time now and have

History and Development of Corrections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History and Development of Corrections - Essay Example According to Ignatieff (1978), when U.S. attained independence from England in 1776, The Britons did not have a foreign protectorate where they could imprison people without costing a lot of money. Hence, the convict system started in 1776 as a backslash to the loss of American protectorates. It was essential to find an intermediate punishment, incorporating correction of the body and mind. Publication of The State of Prison in England and Wales- a book written by John Howard- in 1776 offered a significant information on the conditions of prisons and the prisoners contained there (Ignatieff, 1978). The public’s concentration turned towards the penal condition in England after reading this book. Howard had stumbled upon something that was significant in the eyes of public. In the 18thC, there were two types of prisons: the house of correction and the jail. The 18thC’s jail was almost similar to the one in the late 20thC. Furthermore, it also housed people waiting for tri al. This group of people included those who could not afford bail and those sentenced for a short period (Barnes, 1972). The prisons or jails were used mainly for the detention of those accused of crime awaiting their trial and for the imprisonment of debtors and religious political offenders. A true account is that they were hardly ever used for the imprisonment of the criminal classes. Semple (1993) asserts that a health reformer called Jeremy Bentham stepped into the prison debate using Howard’s work as a basis. He had concluded that there were three kinds of prisons. His concepts had developed upon what was initially thought of as the status quo. These three kinds of prisons included the Black Prison, the House of Safe Custody, and the Penitentiary House. The House of Safe Custody was similar to an 18thC jail (Semple, 1993). Bentham believed that its main function was to house those waiting for trial and debtors. Nevertheless, the difference between the two was that, unli ke a jail, the House of Safe Custody did not imprison people sentenced for a short period. Penitentiary House was the second prison. It was a step above the House of Safe Custody. This is where temporary incarceration took place. In order to differentiate roles of the jail, these roles were divided between the Penitentiary House and the House of Safe Custody (Semple, 1993). The last type of prisons established by Bentham was the Black Prison. This prison provided longer stays compared to the Penitentiary House (Semple, 1993). In the Black Prison, two skeletons were to lie together either side of an iron door so as to strike terror into the hearts of the inmates since it reminded them that they were certainly a house of death from which there was no escape. According to Pollock (2005), there were several alterations made within the convict system in England shortly after Bentham published his concepts of what a prison must be. The first, main change was the silent system’s tri al period in 1834. The silent system offered slightly more liberty to prisoners, but any form of communication was totally prohibited. Prisoners were not imprisoned to cells though they worked together on different outside projects (Pollock, 2005). A harsh punishment would be issued in the event that the silence was broken. This system finally paved way for the popular separate system. The introduction of the separate system was the second significant change. The separate system

E-Bussines Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

E-Bussines Technologies - Essay Example At the present, more and more companies are making use of the internet to carry out business tasks. Thus, seeing the importance of electronic commerce in today’s business environment Servue Corporation has decided to implement a new online business arrangement. In fact, web based business has transformed the map of the world. Now people can access any product or information by sitting at home using web links. The same simple and automated business technology is now required at the Servue business. In this scenario, this report will discuss some of the important aspects regarding implementation of this new technology. BUSINESS OVERVIEW Servue Corporation is specialized in offering a range of decorated crockery. They have before sold their goods with word of mouth to local customers as well as tourists, by means of their shop window, as well as with mail order from their catalogue or website. From the current business technology point of view the corporation has been making use of early 1990s computerised information system as well as makes use of their website mostly for marketing purposes. However, the current business website is not much dynamic to handle and manage the tasks of the business working through the web. Thus, the online management of business operations turns out to be a problematic job for the business. In this scenario there is need for efficient business and corporate management arrangement. BUSINESS ISSUES Currently, Servue Corporation is running its business using physical stores, email and telephonic order system. Though, the business as well uses products ordering system through phone calls from distant customer. The business is using 90s web based arrangement for capturing orders. However, such business arrangement is not much effective for ecommerce marketplace. Additionally, the business is facing a lot of problems in attracting the customers and targeting the products. The business main concern is to attract whole UK’s com munity towards the business and provide a better opportunity of attracting a wide variety of customer classes. The main issues here are lack of customer loyalty. The current business arrangement is based on a traditional legacy system for managing the orders. So it does not attract a great deal of customers. On the other hand, Servue Corporation has a lot of market contenders those are offering much superior customer support and online shopping capabilities to business customers. ONLINE BUSINESS WEBSITE FOR SERVUE BUSINESS In this section I will present the possible solution for Servue Corporation in order to improve their business productivity and corporate working through the web based channel. Here the main recommendation is about the establishment of web based business platform for possible business development and enhancement. This will be an online automated ordering and retailing system. In addition, business and market studies showed that the expansion rate of the Internet p urchases has been extremely high all through the previous years, as well as in spite of the circumstances of the real world financial disaster that affected the online orders registration, things still look extremely brilliant for the Internet. From this viewpoint, people who encourage a service or product as an element of an Internet trade have plenty

Health care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health care - Research Paper Example One of the most industrialized nations in the world, the United States is not safe from this predicament either. The health cover plans that are in place are varied and take care of certain groups of individuals leaving out others. One group that is catered for in the various schemes is the workforce or rather the labor market, and this group has a great impact on the effectiveness of healthcare. This paper will be a discussion on whether the changing labor market in the United States has an impact on universal health care. A universal health care system refers to one specific provider of health care to the whole nation. This is a system that is governed by the same rules and takes care of individuals from all walks of life; an example could be the government taking care of all health care needs of its citizens. However, this is not the case in the United States, various health insurance institutions exist, each of them providing covers for different subgroups of the population (Madrian 138). Health insurance may be provided as a condition of employment, but sometimes it is provided when individuals are not employed or when on a part time job. Despite the fact that all these health insurance providers exist, the most significant health insurance providers are employers. These are followed by the government that provides 16.8 percent of the cover for the non-elderly population. Medicare is the largest government health insurance program, it provides cover for individuals that are above 65 years, as well as those that are below this age but are disabled, therefore eligible for social security insurance (Madrian 139). With the population of the United States composed of individuals that are mainly below 65 years, employees remain the dominant providers of health care coverage programs. With the need for proper health cover, many people in the United States strive to find proper and permanent jobs. This is with regard to the

Final project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Final project - Essay Example A harmonious combination into the use of these instruments fell into categories such as metal, stone, clay, bamboo, wood, bone, string, and gourd. The instruments gave symbols to Chinese people. These instruments were rudimentary and played about five notes out of the seven musical notes. The most recognized instruments in this episode include the Guzheng, the Zhong Ruan, the Liuqin, the YangQin, the Erhu, the Dizi, the Pipa, the Zheng, the Rattle drum, and the Xun, which was a wind musical instrument, and one among the ancient and oldest instrument used in China, approximately 7,000 years ago. In the past, the Xun was played in the open and provided the main part of the entertainment. It dates back to the Neolithic age. It has six holes at most and a very simple structure. Its sound creates a unique artistic feeling that inspires (Jin, Li & Rong 65-73). The changes in time and rapid development of musical instruments led to more instruments that were played in china to about over 70 instruments. Among them as recognized in the episode were the Qin, which is the oldest instrument of its time in the world, and can take on many shapes and accommodate many sounds. It was produced in the imagery of a cloud, and playing it required good manners by the players; hence, it was reserved for scholars. This instrument was mainly used to cultivate the mind and character of the player. The other instrument is the chime whistle used by ancient hunters, the pottery drum, the pottery whistle, and the chime stone, which originated from a simple farm tool, and resembled an ancient plough. Other instruments identified include the Shao Jingqun, the Piano, and the Chime bells, which were large and had complex shapes. The bells comprised 65 in total and weighed about 5 tons. There was also the chime stone that is recognized for being predominant in the musical industry of the Chinese, the giant drum found in the excavated tomb, and perceived as

Health care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health care - Research Paper Example One of the most industrialized nations in the world, the United States is not safe from this predicament either. The health cover plans that are in place are varied and take care of certain groups of individuals leaving out others. One group that is catered for in the various schemes is the workforce or rather the labor market, and this group has a great impact on the effectiveness of healthcare. This paper will be a discussion on whether the changing labor market in the United States has an impact on universal health care. A universal health care system refers to one specific provider of health care to the whole nation. This is a system that is governed by the same rules and takes care of individuals from all walks of life; an example could be the government taking care of all health care needs of its citizens. However, this is not the case in the United States, various health insurance institutions exist, each of them providing covers for different subgroups of the population (Madrian 138). Health insurance may be provided as a condition of employment, but sometimes it is provided when individuals are not employed or when on a part time job. Despite the fact that all these health insurance providers exist, the most significant health insurance providers are employers. These are followed by the government that provides 16.8 percent of the cover for the non-elderly population. Medicare is the largest government health insurance program, it provides cover for individuals that are above 65 years, as well as those that are below this age but are disabled, therefore eligible for social security insurance (Madrian 139). With the population of the United States composed of individuals that are mainly below 65 years, employees remain the dominant providers of health care coverage programs. With the need for proper health cover, many people in the United States strive to find proper and permanent jobs. This is with regard to the

Printed Circuit Boards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Printed Circuit Boards - Essay Example Components can be connected on the PCB through conductive paths or etched copper wiring on a non-conductive substrate such as plastic. A PCB that has been assembled with such electronic components through appropriate connections is known as a Printed Circuit Assembly (PCA) (Khandpur, 2007). PCBs are relatively cheap and are known for their durability and reliability. While finding the material for the substrate and the conductive paths, much effort needs to be spent on defining a proper layout as well as the nature of the connections among various circuit elements. For example, a proper layout is necessary to accommodate all the required components and ensure proper connections among them to produce the desired output. Jawitz (2008) says that care needs to be taken when determining the type of connections (like point-to-point or wire wrap) besides ensuring that no unwanted contact is established due to crossing wires or faulty connections. Post this layout phase, production of PCAs i n high volumes is relatively easier and can be accomplished by an automated assembly line. The design and construction of PCBs is governed by a number of standards that are set and revised regularly by the Association Connecting Electronics Industries (IPC). PCBs, with the etched copper pathways, are insulated from any contact with dust or moisture (thereby avoiding undesired electrical connections and short circuits) using green-colored solder. Some PCBs are also coated with blue and red colored solder. In fact, Bosshart, 2003 says that the choice of the solder, technically a dielectric known for very high resistance and lack of electrical conduction, can vary depending on the purpose of the circuit being developed. Some of the popular and widely used dielectrics include FR-1, CEM and Teflon. The underlying substrate that makes up the flat-board can be made from a combination of cotton paper, polyester, epoxy and glass. Dimensional stability combined with lack of expansion on expos ure to heat qualifies these substances as highly suitable for PCB production. The average thickness of a PCB can range anywhere from 1 to 2mm (Montrose, 2009). Components can either be assembled on 1 side of the board or configured on both sides depending on requirements and space considerations. Types of PCBs PCBs come in many types based on a number of factors ranging from the number of sides utilized to the kind etching technology adopted for providing the interconnects. PCBs can also consist of multiple layers of the substrate and the interconnecting copper pathways and can thus be highly complex in construction. The following points describe some of the types into which most PCBs can be categorized. Single-sided PCBs These are the most basic type of PCBs and can be constructed even from a regular plastic board. A single sided PCB consists of electronic components soldered on one side while the pathways and interconnections are provided on the other side of the board. The term s ingle-side arises from this segregation among components and pathways and their restricted location to a single side of the PCB (Robertson, 2004). Single-sided PCBs have a number of deficiencies in terms of routing and circuit connections whereby no two wires can cross each other. Thus, single-sided PCBs may consumer more wire or copper for the necessary interconnects and are thus relatively resource intensive than other PDB types. As such, they are preferred for the construction of primitive circuits and cannot be used for developing advanced circuitry. Double-sided PCBs As the name suggests, these PCBs have the pathways etched on both sides of the board.

Nirma Case Study Essay Example for Free

Nirma Case Study Essay SUCCESS STORY Karsanbhai Khodidas Patel, the founder of Rs. 2500 crore (US$ 500 million) â€Å"NIRMA† group. Believed in value for money equation Sells 8,00,000 tonnes of detergent powder every year Market share of 35% Market Size : Market Size Closest threat to HUL with 35% market share. Nirma and Nima with 32 variants are distributed through more than 2 million retail outlets, generating gross sales in excess of Rs.2600 crore. The company has reported 4% drop in sales and 13% decline in net profit Margins Achievements : Achievements 7th largest consumer brand by ACNielsen 03. First brand to recognize and harness the power of the Indian rural market. First Indian brands to merit a Harvard Business Review case study Products : Products Consumer Soaps Detergents Edible salt Scouring product Nirma shikakai Nirma shampoo Nirma toothpaste Industrial LAB ( Linear Alkyl Benzene ) AOS ( Alfa Olefin Sulfonate ) Sulfuric Acid Glycerin Soda Ash Pure salt Vacuum Evaporated Iodized Salt SSP- Single Super Phosphate Sodium silicate Soaps : Soaps Nirma Bath Soap Nirma Premium soap Nirma Beauty Soap Nirma Lime Fresh Soap Nima Rose Nima Sandal Nima Lime Nima Herbal Nirma Herbalina Detergents : Detergents Nirma Washing Powder Nirma Detergent Cake Super Nirma Washing Powder Nirma Popular Detergent Nirma Popular Detergent Cake Nima Green Powder Promotion : Promotion Featured a lady washing a garment Daughter was featured on the pack Focuses on value-for-money One of the oldest and catchy jingle first aired on radio in 1975, was broadcast on television in 1982 Nirma Consumer Care Limited Brand value : Brand value Initially every pack of Nirma came with a money back guarantee. Believes in bonding with the consumer. The jingle has been used by Nirma for the last 25 years. Recent Developments : Recent Developments The company has relaunched Nirma Yellow Washing Powder and Nirma Beauty Soap, two of its strongest brands. Nirma Yellow Powder is being re-launched with improved formulation and new advertising. This is an extension of the original ad which will return after the launch is over. Nirma Beauty Soap is being re-launched with a new shape, fragrance and a smarter, brighter pack to improve shelf visibility Acquired Searles Valley Minerals Operations and Searles Valley Minerals

Ethical Theories In International Business

Ethical Theories In International Business In recent years, the globalization has been continually stimulated towards nations in the world. Two main reasons that are able to explain the expansion on global business are the degeneration of trade barriers since the end of World War II in conjunction with the sharply increasing in development of the technology in various fields such as communication, information processing, internet and transportation (Y?cel, 2009). Numerous firms, even small businesses, have been increasingly entering into the international business as foreign markets are looked as possible sources of income to the firms. Thus, there are a great number of business people who working overseas and facing the different in environmental and cultural variances. The differences certainly make a lot of problems to the cross border businesses. Many problems have presumably been created due to the different environments and especially cross-cultural environment; ethical problem is one of these problems (Y?cel, 2009). In times past, ethics had not much effect on the business. However, ethical issues have been being in vogue by the arising of dishonesty in an international business. DeGeorge argues that The change in perception and attitude can be traced back to the exponential growth in industrial pollution, the rise of consumerism and the popular reaction to increasing numbers of scandals and corruption (DeGeorge, 2000, P.50). The purpose of this essay is to present the definition of ethics and ethical theories i.e. Deontology, Teleology and Golden Rule. Furthermore, there is a discussion regarding ethical problems that may be encountered when doing business internationally. Moreover, approaches and general guideline for firms to act ethically to the issues are displayed. Harvard Referencing Style is adopted for referencing in this essay. What is ethics? Ethics is the standards to determine what is right or wrong, what is better or worse, what people ought to do or ought not to do which conduct individuals or groups of how to behave. Ethics engages an examination into a reasonable justification for the set of standards that pervasively accepted by members of culture (Grossman, 2001). In addition, MacKinnon defines ethics as Ethics, or moral philosophy, asks basic questions about the good life, about what is better and worse, about whether there is any objective right and wrong, and how we know it if there is (MacKinnon, 2007, P.3). Thus, ethics in business can be defined as the framework of reasoned and appropriated justification that provides goods, profits, to the firm based on the acceptable affected on others including all stakeholders. Business ethics requires an inquiry of firms on their actions towards global (Cuizon, 2009). Ethics is also considered as glue that cements business together (DeGeorge, 2000). As the growth of concerns about an ethical issue, several ethical theories have been developed as a guidelines or rules in order to assist all human beings and also multinational corporations to behave ethically and avoid ethical issues in the business world. Deontological theory, Teleological theory and Golden Rule are some major theories to help flee from ethical issues. These theories have different approaches to justify the behavior of human or firm whether it is ethical or unethical. The first, deontological theory is the theory that makes an ethical judgment based on the intention of act with a neglect of outcome of that act whether the outcome is good or bad. In other words, deontological ethical decision-making process has concentrate on means rather than an outcome. Pojman defines deontological theory as It is not the consequences that determine the rightness or wrongness of an act but certain features in the act itself or in the rule of which the act is token or example (Pojman, 2001, P.134-135). For example, based on the real life experience, there have been many robbery cases in Thailand that the burglars carried a weapon with them whether for violating the victims or even hunting the victims down in order to done their job easier. However, some of these cases were ended up as a death of the heedless robbers themselves because the victims who were being stolen and violated actually had a gun and shot them down instead with intention to protect their lives. This example exemplifies and expresses a difference in the term of killing by based on the deontological theory, to killing somebody is totally wrong but killing with an intention of self-defense against the assault is absolutely different. In contrast of deontological theory, the teleological theory completely provides an opposite way of ethical decision-making process. While deontology has concerned on the means, the teleological theory has focused primarily on the net outcome rather than the means itself. The teleological ethical decision-making process can be defined as the theory that stresses on the examination of the result which caused by a behavior and determine the good or bad of that outcome based on the aggregated benefit consequences for others in culture. Pojman, also, characterizes the theory as The Greatest Happiness for the Greatest Number (Pojman, 1995, P.727). This, teleological theory, could provide a dissimilar option to the same example of deontology. If victims make a decision based on teleological theory, victims would not need to shoot the thieves but call the police instead. Hence, the robbers would be alive but be jailed and the victims would finally be saved by the police. The families of thi eves would not lose their family member and consequently the victims would not be guilt as no one got killed. A given sample situation displays a way of teleology ethical decision-making process which concerns the net benefit of outcome, that are consequences from the act, rather than the act itself. Last theory, the golden rule, is to act to other people in the way that you want to be acted by them. In other perception, golden rule can be defined as to bring others mind into our mind and not to treat others in the way that you do not want to be treated. Y?cel argues about the meaning of golden rule as doing unto others as you would have them do unto you (Y?cel, 2009, P.99). This theory is seemingly a general standards or norms in the deep of human being s mind towards various cultures and religions which can be used simply as a guideline to make an ethical decision in day to day life. For instance, based on the real experience, an engineer who has been working for the special company s project had an idea to largely reduce the cost of manufacturing of the firm. However, his colleague stole his idea and sold it to management level by himself without even a given credit to the originator of the idea. To think based on the golden rule, there is a simple question Would the stealer steal others idea and pretend that the idea was originated by himself if he falls in the same situation with a person whose idea was stolen? The answer is surely no because he would actually not want his idea to be stolen by others, suddenly, he would not do it. As explanation over the ethics and several ethical theories are presented and exemplified, it indicates that even an ordinary people could face the ethical problems in day to day life. In similarly but even much higher magnitude and severity, the across border businesses are encountered with the ethical issues that are particularly caused by the differences in law, politic, environment and culture between home country and host country. Cultural variances over the various groups in international business turn the business ethics to be more complicated (Y?cel, 2009). Many practices that are considered as ethical practices in some countries are declined or even illegal in other countries (Briscoe, 2009). Small and large scale of Bribery, Human rights, Child labor and Employment discrimination are examples of ethical problems in multinational enterprises (Deresky, 2008). One of ethical problems that cross border businesses have been being faced is employment discrimination. It can be defined as treating people including employee with inequality in hiring, promotion, retirement, work selection by based on various factors e.g. gender, age, race, religion and even marital status. Tomei also argues that This difference in treatment puts him or her at a disadvantage or limits his or her access to benefits and opportunities available to other members of society (Tomei, 2003, P.402). In Singapore, for example of the gender discrimination, working men are paid with higher salary than women employee just to protect the successfully in economics of male (MacKinnon, 2007). Another example based on working life experience, the big computer hard drive manufacturer in the world which has over 10 subsidiaries and subcontractors all over the globe was impacted by the recent world s economic crisis. The crisis caused the world s sales in technology sector including c omputer hard drive dropped rapidly. At that time, the company was directly forced by the loss of income to reduce its operating cost in order to sustain the firm and survive in the business. The firm s strategy to reduce the operating cost was finalized and appeared to be the salary deduction of all employees and layoff thousands of employees throughout the organization. A plant in Malaysia, which has been established to serve the repairing and rebuilding function on claimed hard drive from customers, was certainly affected as well as other plants in cross borders. While slashing in salary caused less impact to Malaysian employees, the much more painful was created to workers by discharge a number of employees; most of them were female operators who worked in the manufacturing processes and had age around 35 years old upward. The reason to dismiss these women based on their age regardless their individual working performances was stated by the American Vice President of Asia-Pacific Regional Operations as elders have less concentration and less working efficiency to work in detailed and micro job in assembly and disassembly of hard drive s components. This selective layoff based on age is considered as unethical behavior even the women, who were dismissed, were paid for compensation. These women could definitely not live their life by only based on a moderate paid of compensation. Consequently, they would have to find a new job. However, they would be faced by other discrimination in employment since companies in Malaysia tend to not hire employees 40 years of age or above. Women with an age of 40 and older have less chance to obtain a new employment (Dylyani, 2009). This loophole is caused by the differences in law. While USA has Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) as a shield of this ethical problem, Malaysia has no protector (Dylyani, 2009). The way to resolve these 2 employment discriminations, hiring and termination, would be based on the teleolog ical frameworks. VP of the hard drive firm would at least consider individual working performance of employees as a main factor to decide who would be dismissed individually and certainly not to dismiss by basing on only their age. In addition, the consequences of layoff ought to be considered because there has been a high probability that elder operators who were expelled would be difficult to acquire a new employment. Furthermore, discrimination in hiring would be resolved by adopting the same practices as ADEA as the country s law to close the gap of difference in legal, give back the equal and fairness among all age of employees and conduct firms to behave ethically regarding the problem. It has now become clear that ethics is necessary in international business and ethical issues are unavoidable for the firms who step into across borders. Managers in multinational enterprises are required to make a decision on ethical dilemmas based on the ethical decision making processes and frameworks. Nevertheless, in order to handle with ethical issues effectively by based on the firm s benefit as well as fairness among society, problem in employing the ethical theories to particular ethical issue is definitely emerged i.e. which ethical framework should be applied to certain ethical dilemma to get the best end result? There is possibly no clear answer for the managers regarding this question. Maybe the applicable guideline for managers is to asking by following questions: Does firm act legally under home and host country s laws? Does action conflict with the human rights of all affected by it? Does action conflict with host culture? And does action cause any harm or violation t o the public? To behave ethically is the challenge for the international firms but even more challenge is to apply the ethical guidelines and theories appropriately to the ethical dilemmas.

Slave Trade in 1807 Essay -- England

In order to ascertain how significant beliefs and ideologies were in contributing to the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, and the eventual abolition of slavery in 1833, this assignment will consider moral, political,economic and religious factors which culminated into these two distinct reforms. It will explore the influence of Enlightenment; the impact of non-conformists; the role of individuals and resistance from slaves themselves. Additionally, it will look at the attitudes concerning the Atlantic slave trade and slavery from different perspectives. Justifications which were gleaned from the Bible, and from Antiquity, regarding the differences between white and black people meant that for much of the eighteenth century enslaving Africans was generally accepted. However, from the 1800s these beliefs and ideologies were challenged, and both slavery and the slave trade were progressively questioned and condemned. Enlightenment thinkers were instrumental in debates in which reason and intellect were dominant. They believed that individuals had the capacity to improve both themselves, and their environment. Underpinning Enlightenment ideas were the concepts of human and natural rights. Furthermore, the idea that the fundamental right of property is one's own person diminished the argument that any attack on slavery was an attack on property. Enlightened ideas influenced individuals such as Adam Smith who was concerned with economic policy,and Elizabeth Heyrick, who was a middle-class Quaker who pushed for immediate emancipation. (Unit 16,pp.87) Anthology 4.4 (a) and (b) provides definitions of slavery and the slave trade. The principal points raised are that men were born free and equal so slavery was contrary to natural... ... ideologies which resulted in the anti-slavery stance which was integral for political reform. The abolition of the slave trade did not result in the immediate emancipation of slavery, the role of individuals who worked tirelessly with the development of campaigning techniques such as, mass petitioning, door-to-door campaigning, public meetings and the gathering of evidence were extremely valuable to the anti-slavery movement. Even still this process was a long one, and one that involved ordinary people, resistance from slaves themselves and pressure groups. Beliefs and ideologies, were therefore, the most fundamental factor for the abolition of both the Atlantic slave trade (1807) and slave emancipation (1833). The position of parliament and the enactments which resulted were heavily influenced by the beliefs and ideas of people who collectively made a difference.

Emerson - Self - Reliance :: Free Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Ralph Waldo Emerson’s â€Å"Self-Reliance†, he states that being an individual comes from trusting yourself and being honest with the person you are inside. He describes how a person is and becomes an individual by explaining all the different parts that consist of an individual.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To be an individual you have to have trust in yourself. You need to accept the person that you truly are inside. Everyone is born possessing everything they need to become an individual; you just need to learn how to utilize the things you have. Without trust in yourself you cannot be an individual.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An individual must be a non-conformist. There is no one who can tell you what is wrong or right. What is right, are things that follow your own beliefs and values, and what is wrong are the things that are against them. If the rest of the world sees your actions as wrong, it shouldn’t matter as long as what you do is true to yourself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The actions you take should be the only things your concerned with, and not what other people think around you. Knowing this is the difference from being a great man and an inferior one because there will always be people who think they know what is best for you. It is easy to follow the trends of the world and it is just as easy to be an individual all by yourself. The difficult task to accomplish is to be an individual among the people of the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ridicule and criticism from others should not affect you. Their ridiculing will come and go, but what you do and what you think will stay with you forever. They are not the ones that need to live with your decisions, so they shouldn’t affect they way you make them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everyone expects people to be consistent. To be consistent is to be predictable, which is exactly what people want.

The Importance of Time Management for the Adult Learner

Time management is a critical skill that is needed in many different aspects of life. We need to manage our time while caring for our family at home, while at work and also for any other hobbies or interests, such as college. The typical college student is no longer the teenager who just graduated high school. A large majority of college students are considered adult learners. The adult learner is someone who enrolls in college later in life as an adult with more responsibilities. As an adult college student there are far more challenges than as a teenage college student.The majority of adult students blame the reason why they struggle in school or delay going back to school is time restriction (Arthur & Tait, 2004, p. 2). Time management is the key to success for an adult enrolled in college. Time management, as defined by Oxford Dictionaries is, â€Å"the ability to use one’s time effectively or productively; especially at work† (â€Å"Time Management,† 2013).I t is not only crucial to use time effectively and productively in the workplace but also at home, in school and any other tasks that take up time in the day. C.  Shields (1994) describes time management as, â€Å"The art of balancing your efforts, prioritizing what you could do as opposed to what you should do. It requires you to make choices and postpone short-term gratification for long-term gains. Managing your time means overcoming the bad habits that allow you to put off what needs to be done. It means controlling yourself† (p. 93). It is important to maximize available time and find a balance between home, work and school. The best way to maximize available time is to plan all that you can (Shields, 1994, p. 95).Planning out your time in advance will help the adult student look ahead to what time is available for all of their responsibilities. The use of a monthly calendar and day to day planner are useful tools (Shields, 1994, p. 95). It is important to find a balanc e with all the responsibilities and activities an adult student may have. According to Ashby and Abbot in the article, Too Little Time to Learn â€Å"mature adult students often find it difficult to cope with the various personal and work related demands made on time available for study and professional development† (Ashby & Abbot, 1999, p. 3).The fact is there are only twenty four hours in a day. One person can only do so much with their personal time (â€Å"Time Management for Adult Learners† 2005). Realistically a person needs approximately eight hours to rest, most working people spend approximately eight to nine hours at work, leaving eight hours for other daily demands (Tait & Arthur, 2004, p. 3). The last eight hours available are what need to be utilized for family, school and other interests. This can be done effectively if the adult learner is motivated. If an adult learner is not motivated to manage their time the likelihood of success is decreased.Ineffecti ve time management can cause many things to go incomplete or get turned in late, increase stress on the adult student, and overall may cause the student to give up. Effective time management can increase the student’s motivation and success, reduce their stress level, and increase their sense of fulfillment (Girard, 1999). Managing a family and working towards a degree of higher education can be very demanding. It is important to have the support of your spouse, children and loved ones while working towards a degree (Shields, 1994, p. 90).Men and women play different roles in the household. According to Charles Shields, â€Å"the more the traditional roles and responsibilities within the family, the greater the guilt the woman experienced about her student role,† (Shields, 1994, p. 90). Generally, female students feel more pressure and strain then male students due to the society’s stereotypical idea of roles in a family (Shields, 1994, p. 90). The biggest adjus tment may be that as a student you will not be as available as before due to the demands of school work. Family time will be affected but worth it in the end.It can be difficult to find the support needed; therefore it is important to emphasize the benefits of a higher education to yourself first. If the student believes in himself or herself then it will be easier to convince the family to believe in him or her. In most cases, the family and children will benefit from a spouse and/or parent with a college education. It is important as the demands of school, work and family increase the adult learner reminds themselves of that (Shields, 1994, p. 92). Compromise is another important characteristic needed from all involved.The student needs to make everyone aware that compromise is needed to succeed. Ideally the partner or spouse will need to take on the extra tasks and details that the adult learner will not have time for. Also explaining to the kids involved the mommy or daddy will not have as much available time as they use to and it will not last forever. It is important to share the end goal with the family that way everyone is aware of what the student is working towards and what the reward will be in the end. It can be difficult to study at home with a family there.Planning ahead and preparing an ideal study spot can help make studying easier (â€Å"Time Management for Adult Learners† 2005). If studying needs to take place at home, getting up early before everyone is awake or staying up after everyone goes to bed can be helpful, that way distractions are limited. Also giving the adult student a time out from the family will help obtain some time for studying (â€Å"Time Management for Adult Learner† 2005). It is important to take every opportunity available to study even if it’s not the ideal situation because it is not always going to be easy to arrange time for it (Arthur & Tait, 2004, p.7).Another time demand that can be a challeng e for an adult learner is balancing work and school. In today’s career world more and more companies are looking to hire competent people with a college education. This leaves little choice for someone who wants to compete in the competitive job field without a higher level of education. Also many returning students go back to school for the purpose of career advancement. Completing your program of study is a step forward on your career path (Shields, 1994, p. 117). Finding the time to study for classes and work on assignments can be difficult with a part time or full time job.The pressures and time consumption from a job compete heavily with the time available for learning (Arthur & Tait, 2004, p. 3). According to Sargant (2000), â€Å"Employment status plays a major role in learning opportunities. For many people, the workplace provides resources and opportunities to take up learning and often the motivation to learn† (p. 4). A suggestion to make the time constraint more manageable between school and a career is to inform your job of what your goals are and if they can better the company.If your career is looking to hire the most qualified and educated employees, they may be willing to work on a different schedule. Planning ahead and looking into career advancement can motivate the adult learner when completing college classes. There are many tips and tools that an adult learner can use to help manage their time. The first step is to list all of the assignments and tasks that need to get done and prioritize the list (â€Å"Time Management for Adult Learner† 2005). Start with the most important task and proceed through the list to the least important.It can also be helpful to start with the most time consuming task, ensuring it will be completed (Fry, 2012, p. 5). As an adult leaner it is important to know how long it will take to perform certain tasks or complete assignments. It will make estimating the appropriate amount of time needed easier and more accurate (Fry, 2012, p. 6). A to-do list can help prevent procrastination and keep a student on track (Fry, 2012, p. 6). Move forward unfinished tasks to the next day. This will create continuity between one day and the next (Shields, 1994, p. 94).Once a to-do list is created, the next step is incorporate it into a day to day calendar and a monthly planner. An important aspect of time management is to plan ahead. Incorporating every assignment, appointment and activity that requires the student’s time is essential. This will allow the student to know what needs to be done and to budget time accordingly (Shields, 1994, p. 94). Once the planning stage has been completed it will be important for the student to stay on track with the plan. Keeping the end goal in mind will help the learner stay focused.It is important to maintain realistic goals and to share the goals with others. Involving others in your efforts towards time management can help motivate them to h elp you succeed (Shields, 1994, p. 99). As the adult learner takes on more and more it will be important for the student to delegate (Chang, 2013, p. 28). One person cannot be expected to do it all, therefore ask for help and think about what you don’t need to do (Shields, 1994, p. 99). It is always ok to ask for help. According to Chang (2013), â€Å"it is better to say no, rather than yes and not be able to complete something.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Setting boundaries gives a solid foundation to focus on your priorities while minimizing distractions† (p. 28). Saying no to someone or something is all part of effective time management. The last tip in managing time as an adult learner is reward oneself. Setting and achieving small goals throughout the process of obtaining a college degree can be beneficial towards motivation and dedication. According to Shields (1994), â€Å"It is important to work when you are supposed to work and play when you deserve it or need it† (p. 100). In conclusion, an adult learner has more demands and responsibilities than the typical college student.The adult college student has to find time for an education, career and family. It can be difficult to find a balance between all three, but with proper time management it can be done. There are many tools available to the adult student to stay motivated while properly managing time such as planning ahead, creating a to-do list and creating a calendar. Keeping your family and employer involved in your goals can help as well. All of the information in this paper will be beneficial to an adult enrolling in college. Once again, the key to success as an adult learner is proper time management.